At what age is it recommended to start screening for autism spectrum disorder?

The recommendation to start screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at 18 and 24 months is based on evidence that early detection is crucial for improving outcomes for children with autism. This age range aligns with guidelines from prominent health organizations, including the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Screening at these ages allows for the identification of developmental delays or atypical behaviors early on, enabling timely intervention. Early intervention services, such as speech therapy and behavioral therapy, can make a significant difference in a child's development, improving communication skills and social interactions as they grow.

Screening at 12 months is considered too early, as many developmental milestones may not yet be apparent. Waiting until 3 years or 5 years can result in missed opportunities for early intervention, which is most effective when started before the child reaches the age of 3. Hence, the recommended ages of 18 and 24 months are strategically chosen to maximize the potential for positive developmental outcomes.