What dietary change is necessary for a child diagnosed with PKU?

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder that results in the inability to metabolize phenylalanine, an amino acid found in many protein-containing foods. Children diagnosed with PKU must follow a diet that strictly limits phenylalanine intake to prevent the harmful accumulation of this substance in the body, which can lead to neurological damage and intellectual disabilities.

The necessary dietary change for a child with PKU is a low-phenylalanine diet. This involves avoiding high-protein foods, which are typically rich in phenylalanine, such as meat, fish, eggs, dairy products, nuts, and certain grains. Instead, the diet is often supplemented with specially formulated low-protein foods and medical food products that provide necessary nutrients without the harmful levels of phenylalanine.

While other dietary options may have their own medical indications (like high-calcium for osteoporosis or low-fat for heart concerns), they do not specifically address the metabolic abnormality associated with PKU. Therefore, adopting a low-phenylalanine diet is crucial for managing the condition effectively and ensuring healthy development.