What is the primary treatment option for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate, are considered the primary treatment option for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) due to their efficacy in managing symptoms. These medications have been extensively studied and demonstrated to improve attention, focus, and impulse control in individuals with ADHD, often leading to significant improvements in academic and social functioning.

Stimulants work by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, notably dopamine and norepinephrine, which play crucial roles in regulating attention and behavior. The rapid onset of action and the well-documented efficacy of these medications make them a first-line choice among healthcare providers when treating ADHD in both children and adults.

Other treatment approaches, such as behavior therapy, can be effective, particularly for preschool-aged children or as adjunctive therapy alongside medication. However, stimulants remain the most widely recommended and researched primary treatment for managing ADHD symptoms. Antidepressants and dietary changes are generally not considered first-line treatments for ADHD, as their effectiveness as standalone interventions is limited in comparison to stimulant medications.